Useful and Harmful Microorganisms
Microorganisms are microscopic life forms that are found everywhere. They can be unicellular or multicellular and can be harmful or beneficial.
Classification of Microorganisms
1. Viruses
- Acellular, contain DNA or RNA.
- Obligate parasites.
2. Bacteria
- Unicellular, prokaryotic.
- Reproduce via binary fission.
3. Protista
- Eukaryotic, mostly unicellular.
- Aquatic environments.
4. Fungi
- Heterotrophic, cell wall made of chitin.
- Decomposers.
5. Algae
- Photosynthetic, aquatic.
Useful Microbes
| Microbial Group | Beneficial Role | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | Soil fertility, fermentation | Rhizobium, Lactobacillus |
| Fungi | Food industry, antibiotics | Penicillium |
Harmful Microbes
| Microbial Group | Harmful Effects | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Virulent viruses | Human/Animal infections | Coronavirus |
| Pathogenic bacteria | Infectious diseases | Salmonella |